§The France of Napoleon III: Louis Napoleon & the 2nd Napoleonic Empire
§
§Foreign policy: Crimean War
§National Unification: Italy
§The Unification of Germany
§Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)
§
§The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy
§Ausgleich, Compromise, 1867
§Creates a dual monarchy
§German and Magyars dominate minorities
§Francis Joseph Emperor of Austria/King of Hungary
§Some things in held in common
§Other minorities
§
§Imperial Russia
§
§Great Britain: The Victorian Age
§Did not experience revolts in 1848
§Reforms
§Economic Growth
§Queen Victoria (1837 – 1901) reflected the age
§Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881)
§Extension of voting rights
§Reform Act, 1867
§
§
§
§The United States: Slavery and War
§
§
§Marx and Marxism
§Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895), The Communist Manifesto, 1848
§History is the history of class struggle
§Stages of history
§In the end would be a classless society
§After 1848 revolutions, Marx went to London
§Marx, Das Kapital
§International Working Men’s Association, 1864
§Internal problems
§
§
§A New Age of Science
§Development of the steam engine led to science of relationship between heat and mechanical energy
§Growth of scientific interest
§Louis Pasteur – germ theory of disease
§Dmitri Mendeleyev – atomic weights
§Michael Faraday – generator
§Growth in belief in science has affect on religious belief
§Charles Darwin and the Theory of Organic Evolution
§
§A Revolution in Health Care
§Louis Pasteur
§Pasteurization
§Joseph Lister
§Hospital gangrene
§New Public Health Measures
§American Medical Association
§Women and Medical Schools
§Elizabeth Blackwell
§Female Medical College of Pennsylvania
§Realism in Literature and Art
§The Realistic Novel
§Rejected Romanticism
§Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880), Madame Bovary, 1857
§William Thackeray (1811-1863), Vanity Fair, 1848
§Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
§Realism in Art
§Gustave Courbet (1819-1877)
§Portrayal of everyday life
§Jean-Francois Millet (1814-1875)
§Scenes from rural life
§Twilight of Romanticism
§Franz Liszt
§Richard Wagner
§The Ring of the Nibelung
§
§
No comments:
Post a Comment